交通流特性参数的识别与测量

提出一种用于交通流管理控制系统中交通流特性参数自动检测的新办法 ,介绍该方法的基本原理、识别模型及据此方法研制成功的在线实时智能检测系统的实验结果。这个系统较好地应用了模式识别技术 ,故不仅能自动区分机动车与非机动车 ,判别车型 ,准确地检测出机动车流特性参数 ,而且能自动准确地检测出非机动车 (自行车 )群体流量。此系统样机现场连续运行 3年多 ,已获满意结果     

A combined application of micro-vortex generator and boundary layer suction in a high-load compressor cascade

In the current study, the effects of a combined application between micro-vortex generator and boundary layer suction on the flow characteristics of a high-load compressor cascade are investigated. The micro-vortex generator with a special configuration and the longitudinal suction slot are adopted. The calculated results show that a reverse flow region, which is considered the main reason for occurring stall at 7.9° incidence, grows and collapses rapidly near the leading edge and leads to two critical points occurring on the end-wall with the increasing incidence in the baseline. As the micro-vortex generator is introduced in the baseline cascade, the corner separation is switched to a trailing edge separation by the thrust from the induced vortex. Meanwhile, the occurrence of failure is delayed due to the mixed low energy fluid and main flow. The synergistic effects between the micro-vortex generator and the boundary layer suction on the performance of the cascade are superior to the baseline at all the incidence conditions before the occurrence of failure, and the sudden deterioration of the cascade occurs at 10.3° incidence. The optimal results show that the farther upstream suction position, the lower total pressure loss of the cascade with vortex generator at the near stall condition. Moreover, the induced vortex with a leg can migrate the accumulated low energy fluid backward to delay the occurrence of stall.     

基于视图的试验通信需求分析方法研究

针对试验通信系统规划中的需求分析工程化问题，按照体系结构方法的要求，提出了一种基于视图的信息需求获取及分析处理方法；该方法能够在一定程度上简化和规范化需求获取，并通过一系列分析步骤实现从试验要素和任务向试验信息流的转化。     

Statistical characteristics of spray autoignition of transient kerosene jet in cross flow

To study statistical characteristics of the random spray autoignition, aviation kerosene was injected transiently into non-vitiated air crossflow in a flow reactor with optical accesses. The operating conditions were relevant to gas turbine combustor: the air crossflow pressure and temperature were in the range of 1.4–1.7 MPa and 830–947 K, respectively, and the jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios were 20, 50 and 80. Statistical distributions of random ignition delay times with adequate convergence were estimated based on histograms. The dependences of the distributions on reactor pressure, temperature, and jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratio were studied. The results show that the resulting distributions appear more concentrated with the increase of air temperature or jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratio. And then the correlations for the mean and standard deviation of the ignition delay time sample data were developed based on the present results. Compared with the correlations of ignition delay time of homogeneous premixed gas-phase kerosene/air mixture reported in the literature, the results show a greater significance pressure dependence and lower temperature sensitivity of the ignition delay time of non-premixed kerosene spray.     

Gurney flap—Lift enhancement,mechanisms and applications

Since its invention by a race car driver Dan Gurney in 1960s, the Gurney flap has been used to enhance the aerodynamics performance of subsonic and supercritical airfoils, high-lift devices and delta wings. In order to take stock of recent research and development of Gurney flap, we have carried out a review of the characteristics and mechanisms of lift enhancement by the Gurney flap and its applications. Optimum design of the Gurney flap is also summarized in this paper. For the Gurney flap to be effective, it should be mounted at the trailing edge perpendicular to the chord line of airfoil or wing. The flap height must be of the order of local boundary layer thickness. For subsonic airfoils, an additional Gurney flap increases the pressure on the upstream surface of the Gurney flap, which increases the total pressure of the lower surface. At the same time, a long wake downstream of the flap containing a pair of counter-rotating vortices can delay or eliminate the flow separation near the trailing edge on the upper surface. Correspondingly, the total suction on the airfoil is increased. For supercritical airfoils, the lift enhancement of the Gurney flap mainly comes from its ability to shift the shock on the upper surface in the downstream. Applications of the Gurney flap to modern aircraft design are also discussed in this review.     

基于遗传算法与近似模型的全局气动优化方法

开发了基于精英保留策略与小生境技术的求解有约束优化问题的改进遗传算法,并用一多峰值有约束函数对其寻优能力进行了测试。为了降低气动优化设计时间,提出了集成实验设计、三维粘性流场求解程序、二次多项式近似模型、改进遗传算法的具有全局寻优能力的三维气动优化设计体系。采用该方法对NASA Rotor37动叶片叶型进行了以绝热效率最大为目标的优化设计,优化后叶片绝热效率提高1.1%。该结果表明了本优化设计体系省时、高效的特点。     

超燃冲压发动机内流性能的一维评估

在准一维Eu ler方程的基础上,通过增加反映面积变化、摩擦、添质和化学反应放热的源项,发展了超燃冲压发动机推进流道计算的一维软件,可以在很短的时间内提供发动机的推力和摩擦力,同时给出发动机参数沿轴向的变化和出口值。通过日本国家航空与航天实验室(NAL)的双模态模型氢反应流场计算验证了软件的可靠性后,针对煤油发动机,分析了隔离段和燃烧室扩张角、燃料喷射位置与方式、化学反应放热项的两种不同求解方法、隔离段高度对燃烧室性能的影响,为飞行器设计配备了能稳定激波且性能较好的发动机构型。     

合成射流控制主流矢量的发展过程

合成射流激励器射流矢量控制具有对吸气式发动机进气道出流和发动机喷管流动进行矢量控制的潜力。通过对四种不同出口构型合成射流激励器控制主流矢量偏转的数值模拟和分析,对合成射流控制主流矢量的发展过程进行了研究。结果表明:合成射流控制主流矢量的发展过程可分为三个不同阶段,第一阶段,在主流通道内,激励器工作引起的主流通道压强梯度形成的侧向力致偏主流,在出口处主流矢量偏转Ⅰ;第二阶段,在主流出口附近,合成射流对主流的卷吸作用和引射作用,致偏主流Ⅱ;第三阶段,在出口下游,合成射流与主流自由剪切层发生相互耦合作用,致偏Ⅲ。因此,主射流最终偏转角度是其在经历三个不同阶段时受到的合成射流致偏作用之和,即=Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ。     

大尺度空气舵超声速烧蚀热结构试验

针对全尺寸大尺度空气舵热环境参数,对地面试验的流场参数进行了计算,设计了测试探头,进行了流场校测。将校测结果与计算结果进行了比较分析,结果表明二者吻合较好,最大偏差在30%以内。校测后的流场已成功应用于试验。     

纤维预制体(织物)中反应性流体的流动行为

文摘反应性流体在纤维预制体(织物)中的流动行为对于优化工艺参数和模具设计、控制制品质量等具有重要意义。本文简述了RTM工艺的流体流动特点,介绍了RTM工艺过程中流体流动研究的理论基础,综述了RTM工艺中反应性流体流动的发展现状,并展望了其发展趋势。